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July 15, 2006

Reagan And Beirut

There's an interesting discussion going on at Volokh which echoes what we were talking about in the comments below:

Why Did Reagan Coddle Iran (and Hezbollah)?

I've always been puzzled why Reagan didn't try to punish Iran for taking American hostages. And then barely reacted when Hezbollah killed over 200 marines, and tortured CIA station chief Buckley to death. And then tried to sell weapons to Iran. Near as I can tell, it's because the Reagan Administration had one huge priority, and that was to defeat Communism. (Although we did back Saddam for a while against Iran.) Fanatical muslims, Administration officials hoped, were potential allies of the U.S. against godless Communism, just as they turned out to be in Afghanistan. Is this a reasonable summary? Any commentors with expertise on this?

You can't really blame the Reaganites too much, as they did indeed defeat Communism. But they also seem to have sowed the seeds of WWIII, by allowing and sometimes encouraging fanatical anti-Western Sunni and Shiite Islamicism to flourish, just as Roosevelt and Truman laid the groundwork for the Cold War by cooperating with Stalin to defeat Hitler--and being way too naive about their putative "ally."

What are your thoughts, folks?

Posted by Mr. Bingley at July 15, 2006 10:34 AM

Comments

Just my two cents: I think that as far as the Middle East went, the Reagan Administration decided that the goal was first and foremost to keep the Persian Gulf open for oil shipments and ensure Israel's survival. This was in line with the primary goal of defeating Communism, as a strong economy was a critical requirement to do so. The last thing we needed was another severe oil shock in the early or mid-1980s.

That and the State Department then had more people without gonads than we do even now. Oh, and one last thing. I went into the Army in 1983. I saw just a few small parts of it really, but I can say that the difference in those parts 6 years later, when my enlistment was up, was dramatic. The military that took on Iraq in 1991 was being built in the early and mid-1980s. I could be wrong, but I dont think there's any way we could have "Desert Stormed" anyone back then.

Posted by: Dave E. at July 15, 2006 07:31 PM

Although I didn't agree, it is reasonable to limit our enemies to one major set at a time. The muslims were fighting the soviets in Afghanistan and were a major part of defeating them world wide. If the soviets weren't burdened with fighting them, they may have taken a lot longer to collapse.

The only real problem was the extraordinary long delay we had in deciding to fight the muslims. They had declared war on us numerous times but Bush I and Clinton never took them seriously. That was where the fault lies, not with Reagan.

Reagan wasn't perfect, but this was not necessarily a bad call. I would rather have taken them all on, but then I'm not the president, either. I don't think many people would vote for my solutions to these problems.

Posted by: Mike Rentner at July 15, 2006 08:30 PM

Would've, should've, could've.

"That and the State Department then had more people without gonads than we do even now. Oh, and one last thing. I went into the Army in 1983. I saw just a few small parts of it really, but I can say that the difference in those parts 6 years later, when my enlistment was up, was dramatic. The military that took on Iraq in 1991 was being built in the early and mid-1980s. I could be wrong, but I dont think there's any way we could have "Desert Stormed" anyone back then."

You are spot on. Thanks for paving the road for me, BTW.

Posted by: Gunslinger at July 15, 2006 08:57 PM

Um. Well, there's one more thing. We were happy to have the Iraqis and the Iranians killing one another in large numbers in those days, figuring that it would prevent either one from emerging as the dominant power in the region. That was part and parcel of realpolitik as perceived at the time, and it also prevented either one from becoming a Soviet client along the lines of Syria.

Posted by: Dan Collins at July 15, 2006 09:38 PM

I don't think Reagan was naive about Muslim world. Clearly they were a problem. But the Soviet empire was a bigger problem, and need to be dealt with first.

A tough call, but not a bad one.

Posted by: The_Real_JeffS at July 16, 2006 11:00 AM

Not only was it convenient that Iraq invaded Iran, but the US supplied arms and/or parts to both sides at different times during the conflict. The US wasn't alone in this respect as many other countries also supplied weapons. Because of the larger problems of ending the cold war, the Iran problems could be put on the back burner as long as the Iran-Iraq war was ongoing. US foreign policymakers took a risk (much like dealing with Stalin in WWII) in hoping the Middle East problems would just go away or burn themselves out. The naivety was thinking that the Muslim world wouldn't hold a grudge against the US.

Posted by: Prussian Tiger at July 16, 2006 11:54 PM